Literature

This pair of gold earrings is characteristic of a well-known Classical Greek type, taking the shape of a seated winged sphinx atop a decorated rectangular plinth. Although clearly intended to be a pair, the two sphinxes are not an exact match, with one sphinx likely an ancient copy of the other to replace a lost original.

The earrings have been crafted primarily from sheet metal, which has been carefully pressed over an existing mould or “former,” a close example of which can be found in the Staatliche Antikensammlungen, Munich. Finer details, such as the hair, face, and body, were likely finished by hand. Beaded filigree can be observed on both the plinth and crown, used to create detailed scroll/wave and teardrop patterns respectively. Both earrings feature perforations at the base, a practical feature used to allow hot air to escape during manufacture.

Despite the pair being very similar in form and size, the second earring (with the flatter face) is likely a copy of the first, with the details reflecting the work of a different goldsmith. The original, more naturalistic in design, features finer filigree and detailing. Further discrepancies can be observed in the scroll/wave pattern around the plinth, the shape of the crown, and the hair details. Despite these differences, the earrings together make for a charming pair, equally reflective of the rich heritage of Classical craftsmanship.

Sphinxes themselves are popular mythical beasts, common to both Mediterranean and Near Eastern cultures alike. Typically associated with the myth of Oedipus, this riddle-telling monster was as much a symbol of protection as it was a symbol of danger. Thus, in wearing this pair of earrings, one’s face would be flanked by these fearsome yet beautiful creatures.